---
date:
  created: 2024-01-01
  updated: 2024-11-05
---

# Mermaid

Samples of [Mermaid](https://mermaid.js.org/) in :simple-materialformkdocs:{ .materialformkdocs } Material for MkDocs.

Inherits <https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/diagrams/?h=mermaid>

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## Flowchart

```` title="Flowchart"
``` mermaid
graph TB
    sq[Square shape] --> ci((Circle shape))

    subgraph A
        od>Odd shape]-- Two line<br/>edge comment --> ro
        di{Diamond with <br/> line break} -.-> ro(Rounded<br>square<br>shape)
        di==>ro2(Rounded square shape)
    end

    %% Notice that no text in shape are added here instead that is appended further down
    e --> od3>Really long text with linebreak<br>in an Odd shape]

    %% Comments after double percent signs
    e((Inner / circle<br>and some odd <br>special characters)) --> f(,.?!+-*ز)

    cyr[Cyrillic]-->cyr2((Circle shape Начало));

    classDef green fill:#9f6,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
    classDef orange fill:#f96,stroke:#333,stroke-width:4px;
    class sq,e green
    class di orange
```
````

<div class="result" markdown>

``` mermaid
graph TB
    sq[Square shape] --> ci((Circle shape))

    subgraph A
        od>Odd shape]-- Two line<br/>edge comment --> ro
        di{Diamond with <br/> line break} -.-> ro(Rounded<br>square<br>shape)
        di==>ro2(Rounded square shape)
    end

    %% Notice that no text in shape are added here instead that is appended further down
    e --> od3>Really long text with linebreak<br>in an Odd shape]

    %% Comments after double percent signs
    e((Inner / circle<br>and some odd <br>special characters)) --> f(,.?!+-*ز)

    cyr[Cyrillic]-->cyr2((Circle shape Начало));

     classDef green fill:#9f6,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
     classDef orange fill:#f96,stroke:#333,stroke-width:4px;
     class sq,e green
     class di orange
```

</div>

## Sequence

```` title="Sequence"
``` mermaid
sequenceDiagram
    participant web as Web Browser
    participant blog as Blog Service
    participant account as Account Service
    participant mail as Mail Service
    participant db as Storage

    Note over web,db: The user must be logged in to submit blog posts
    web->>+account: Logs in using credentials
    account->>db: Query stored accounts
    db->>account: Respond with query result

    alt Credentials not found
        account->>web: Invalid credentials
    else Credentials found
        account->>-web: Successfully logged in

        Note over web,db: When the user is authenticated, they can now submit new posts
        web->>+blog: Submit new post
        blog->>db: Store post data

        par Notifications
            blog--)mail: Send mail to blog subscribers
            blog--)db: Store in-site notifications
        and Response
            blog-->>-web: Successfully posted
        end
    end
```
````

<div class="result" markdown>

``` mermaid
sequenceDiagram
    participant web as Web Browser
    participant blog as Blog Service
    participant account as Account Service
    participant mail as Mail Service
    participant db as Storage

    Note over web,db: The user must be logged in to submit blog posts
    web->>+account: Logs in using credentials
    account->>db: Query stored accounts
    db->>account: Respond with query result

    alt Credentials not found
        account->>web: Invalid credentials
    else Credentials found
        account->>-web: Successfully logged in

        Note over web,db: When the user is authenticated, they can now submit new posts
        web->>+blog: Submit new post
        blog->>db: Store post data

        par Notifications
            blog--)mail: Send mail to blog subscribers
            blog--)db: Store in-site notifications
        and Response
            blog-->>-web: Successfully posted
        end
    end
```

</div>

## Class

```` title="Flowchart"
``` mermaid
---
title: Animal example
---
classDiagram
    note "From Duck till Zebra"
    Animal <|-- Duck
    note for Duck "can fly\ncan swim\ncan dive\ncan help in debugging"
    Animal <|-- Fish
    Animal <|-- Zebra
    Animal : +int age
    Animal : +String gender
    Animal: +isMammal()
    Animal: +mate()
    class Duck{
        +String beakColor
        +swim()
        +quack()
    }
    class Fish{
        -int sizeInFeet
        -canEat()
    }
    class Zebra{
        +bool is_wild
        +run()
    }
```
````

<div class="result" markdown>

``` mermaid
---
title: Animal example
---
classDiagram
    note "From Duck till Zebra"
    Animal <|-- Duck
    note for Duck "can fly\ncan swim\ncan dive\ncan help in debugging"
    Animal <|-- Fish
    Animal <|-- Zebra
    Animal : +int age
    Animal : +String gender
    Animal: +isMammal()
    Animal: +mate()
    class Duck{
        +String beakColor
        +swim()
        +quack()
    }
    class Fish{
        -int sizeInFeet
        -canEat()
    }
    class Zebra{
        +bool is_wild
        +run()
    }
```

</div>

## State

```` title="State"
``` mermaid
stateDiagram-v2
    [*] --> Active

    state Active {
        [*] --> NumLockOff
        NumLockOff --> NumLockOn : EvNumLockPressed
        NumLockOn --> NumLockOff : EvNumLockPressed
        --
        [*] --> CapsLockOff
        CapsLockOff --> CapsLockOn : EvCapsLockPressed
        CapsLockOn --> CapsLockOff : EvCapsLockPressed
        --
        [*] --> ScrollLockOff
        ScrollLockOff --> ScrollLockOn : EvScrollLockPressed
        ScrollLockOn --> ScrollLockOff : EvScrollLockPressed
    }
```
````

<div class="result" markdown>

``` mermaid
stateDiagram-v2
    [*] --> Active

    state Active {
        [*] --> NumLockOff
        NumLockOff --> NumLockOn : EvNumLockPressed
        NumLockOn --> NumLockOff : EvNumLockPressed
        --
        [*] --> CapsLockOff
        CapsLockOff --> CapsLockOn : EvCapsLockPressed
        CapsLockOn --> CapsLockOff : EvCapsLockPressed
        --
        [*] --> ScrollLockOff
        ScrollLockOff --> ScrollLockOn : EvScrollLockPressed
        ScrollLockOn --> ScrollLockOff : EvScrollLockPressed
    }
```

</div>

## Entity Relationship

````markdown
``` mermaid
erDiagram
    CAR ||--o{ NAMED-DRIVER : allows
    CAR {
        string registrationNumber
        string make
        string model
    }
    PERSON ||--o{ NAMED-DRIVER : is
    PERSON {
        string firstName
        string lastName
        int age
    }
```
````

<div class="result" markdown>

``` mermaid
erDiagram
    CAR ||--o{ NAMED-DRIVER : allows
    CAR {
        string registrationNumber
        string make
        string model
    }
    PERSON ||--o{ NAMED-DRIVER : is
    PERSON {
        string firstName
        string lastName
        int age
    }
```

</div>

## User Journey

````markdown
``` mermaid
journey
    title My working day
    section Go to work
    Make tea: 5: Me
    Go upstairs: 3: Me
    Do work: 1: Me, Cat
    section Go home
    Go downstairs: 5: Me
    Sit down: 5: Me
```
````

<div class="result" markdown>

``` mermaid
journey
    title My working day
    section Go to work
      Make tea: 5: Me
      Go upstairs: 3: Me
      Do work: 1: Me, Cat
    section Go home
      Go downstairs: 5: Me
      Sit down: 5: Me
```

</div>

## Gantt

````markdown
``` mermaid
gantt
    title A Gantt Diagram
    dateFormat YYYY-MM-DD
    section Section
        A task          :a1, 2014-01-01, 30d
        Another task    :after a1, 20d
    section Another
        Task in Another :2014-01-12, 12d
        another task    :24d
```
````

<div class="result" markdown>

``` mermaid
gantt
    title A Gantt Diagram
    dateFormat YYYY-MM-DD
    section Section
        A task          :a1, 2014-01-01, 30d
        Another task    :after a1, 20d
    section Another
        Task in Another :2014-01-12, 12d
        another task    :24d
```

</div>

/// bug
"Gantt charts usually are too big to render properly in a page. If the element is big enough to hold it, and the chart is large, they render too small to see. If the element is not wide enough, the chart can sometimes render squished and hard to read." [^1]
///

[^1]: [PyMdown Extensions Documentation: Advanced Mermaid Notes](https://facelessuser.github.io/pymdown-extensions/extras/mermaid/#practical-diagrams-gantt)

## Pie Chart

```` title="Pie Chart"
``` mermaid
pie showData
title Key elements in Product X
"Calcium" : 42.96
"Potassium" : 50.05
"Magnesium" : 10.01
"Iron" :  5
```
````

<div class="result" markdown>

``` mermaid
pie showData
    title Key elements in Product X
    "Calcium" : 42.96
    "Potassium" : 50.05
    "Magnesium" : 10.01
    "Iron" :  5
```

</div>

## Quadrant Chart

``` mermaid
quadrantChart
    title Reach and engagement of campaigns
    x-axis Low Reach --> High Reach
    y-axis Low Engagement --> High Engagement
    quadrant-1 We should expand
    quadrant-2 Need to promote
    quadrant-3 Re-evaluate
    quadrant-4 May be improved
    Campaign A: [0.3, 0.6]
    Campaign B: [0.45, 0.23]
    Campaign C: [0.57, 0.69]
    Campaign D: [0.78, 0.34]
    Campaign E: [0.40, 0.34]
    Campaign F: [0.35, 0.78]
```

## Git

```` title="Git"
``` mermaid
gitGraph
    commit
    branch hotfix
    checkout hotfix
    commit
    branch develop
    checkout develop
    commit id:"ash" tag:"abc"
    branch featureB
    checkout featureB
    commit type:HIGHLIGHT
    checkout main
    checkout hotfix
    commit type:NORMAL
    checkout develop
    commit type:REVERSE
    checkout featureB
    commit
    checkout main
    merge hotfix
    checkout featureB
    commit
    checkout develop
    branch featureA
    commit
    checkout develop
    merge hotfix
    checkout featureA
    commit
    checkout featureB
    commit
    checkout develop
    merge featureA
    branch release
    checkout release
    commit
    checkout main
    commit
    checkout release
    merge main
    checkout develop
    merge release
```
````

<div class="result" markdown>

``` mermaid
gitGraph
    commit
    branch hotfix
    checkout hotfix
    commit
    branch develop
    checkout develop
    commit id:"ash" tag:"abc"
    branch featureB
    checkout featureB
    commit type:HIGHLIGHT
    checkout main
    checkout hotfix
    commit type:NORMAL
    checkout develop
    commit type:REVERSE
    checkout featureB
    commit
    checkout main
    merge hotfix
    checkout featureB
    commit
    checkout develop
    branch featureA
    commit
    checkout develop
    merge hotfix
    checkout featureA
    commit
    checkout featureB
    commit
    checkout develop
    merge featureA
    branch release
    checkout release
    commit
    checkout main
    commit
    checkout release
    merge main
    checkout develop
    merge release
```

</div>

## C4

``` mermaid
    C4Context
      title System Context diagram for Internet Banking System
      Enterprise_Boundary(b0, "BankBoundary0") {
        Person(customerA, "Banking Customer A", "A customer of the bank, with personal bank accounts.")
        Person(customerB, "Banking Customer B")
        Person_Ext(customerC, "Banking Customer C", "desc")

        Person(customerD, "Banking Customer D", "A customer of the bank, <br/> with personal bank accounts.")

        System(SystemAA, "Internet Banking System", "Allows customers to view information about their bank accounts, and make payments.")

        Enterprise_Boundary(b1, "BankBoundary") {

          SystemDb_Ext(SystemE, "Mainframe Banking System", "Stores all of the core banking information about customers, accounts, transactions, etc.")

          System_Boundary(b2, "BankBoundary2") {
            System(SystemA, "Banking System A")
            System(SystemB, "Banking System B", "A system of the bank, with personal bank accounts. next line.")
          }

          System_Ext(SystemC, "E-mail system", "The internal Microsoft Exchange e-mail system.")
          SystemDb(SystemD, "Banking System D Database", "A system of the bank, with personal bank accounts.")

          Boundary(b3, "BankBoundary3", "boundary") {
            SystemQueue(SystemF, "Banking System F Queue", "A system of the bank.")
            SystemQueue_Ext(SystemG, "Banking System G Queue", "A system of the bank, with personal bank accounts.")
          }
        }
      }

      BiRel(customerA, SystemAA, "Uses")
      BiRel(SystemAA, SystemE, "Uses")
      Rel(SystemAA, SystemC, "Sends e-mails", "SMTP")
      Rel(SystemC, customerA, "Sends e-mails to")

      UpdateElementStyle(customerA, $fontColor="red", $bgColor="grey", $borderColor="red")
      UpdateRelStyle(customerA, SystemAA, $textColor="blue", $lineColor="blue", $offsetX="5")
      UpdateRelStyle(SystemAA, SystemE, $textColor="blue", $lineColor="blue", $offsetY="-10")
      UpdateRelStyle(SystemAA, SystemC, $textColor="blue", $lineColor="blue", $offsetY="-40", $offsetX="-50")
      UpdateRelStyle(SystemC, customerA, $textColor="red", $lineColor="red", $offsetX="-50", $offsetY="20")

      UpdateLayoutConfig($c4ShapeInRow="3", $c4BoundaryInRow="1")
```

## Mindmaps

``` mermaid
mindmap
  root((mindmap))
    Origins
      Long history
      ::icon(fa fa-book)
      Popularisation
        British popular psychology author Tony Buzan
    Research
      On effectiveness<br/>and features
      On Automatic creation
        Uses
            Creative techniques
            Strategic planning
            Argument mapping
    Tools
      Pen and paper
      Mermaid
```

## Timeline

``` mermaid
timeline
    title Timeline of Industrial Revolution
    section 17th-20th century
        Industry 1.0 : Machinery, Water power, Steam <br>power
        Industry 2.0 : Electricity, Internal combustion engine, Mass production
        Industry 3.0 : Electronics, Computers, Automation
    section 21st century
        Industry 4.0 : Internet, Robotics, Internet of Things
        Industry 5.0 : Artificial intelligence, Big data,3D printing
```

## ZenUML

## Sankey

``` mermaid
sankey-beta

Pumped heat,"Heating and cooling, ""homes""",193.026
Pumped heat,"Heating and cooling, ""commercial""",70.672
```

## XYChart

``` mermaid
xychart-beta
    title "Sales Revenue"
    x-axis [jan, feb, mar, apr, may, jun, jul, aug, sep, oct, nov, dec]
    y-axis "Revenue (in $)" 4000 --> 11000
    bar [5000, 6000, 7500, 8200, 9500, 10500, 11000, 10200, 9200, 8500, 7000, 6000]
    line [5000, 6000, 7500, 8200, 9500, 10500, 11000, 10200, 9200, 8500, 7000, 6000]
```